Abbreviation · Signs

What does &c. mean?

et cetera

and so on: the clerk leaves out the rest of a known formula

Meet oftenUsually left as writtenUnit 11

You’ll find it in registers, wills, inventories, deeds, letters, court records and accounts.

Transcribers usually keep this one as it is written rather than spelling it out.

Examples

In practice lines

Examples of this one are on their way

Create a free Leo accountTaught in unit 11. Standard members get the whole course.

Listed in Jones, abbreviation tables (1688).

More signs

Model letters: R. B. McKerrow, An Introduction to Bibliography (1927); Jean de Beauchesne & John Baildon, A Booke Containing Divers Sortes of Hands (1570 and 1581); Giovambattista Palatino, Libro nel qual s’insegna a scrivere (1550); and manuscripts in the Folger Shakespeare Library; all public domain. They stand in until Leo’s own model letters are drawn. Secretary letters typeset in Joscelyn by Peter S. Baker (SIL Open Font License).